【SPSS】Reliability Analysis

Steps

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1. Analyze — Scale — Reliability Analysis

   

2. Drag the scale items into the box, first by individual dimension and then overall.
3. Statistics — under “Descriptives,” select “Scale if item deleted.”

   

4. Continue — OK.
5. Draw the final table as follows:

   

Concept Explanation and Result Interpretation

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Cronbach’s Alpha

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1. Definition: Cronbach’s alpha (Cronbach’s α) is a commonly used indicator for measuring the internal consistency of a scale.

2. Standards:

   • α ≥ 0.9: excellent
   • 0.9 > α ≥ 0.8: good
   • 0.8 > α ≥ 0.7: acceptable
   • 0.7 > α ≥ 0.6: still has some reliability, but interpret with caution
   • 0.6 > α: insufficient reliability; consider revising or deleting some items

   Agbo A A. Cronbach’s Alpha: Review of Limitations and Associated Recommendations[J]. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 2010, 20(2): 233-239.

3. If alpha increases after deleting an item

   • You can directly delete that item and run the analysis again.
   • Check the questionnaire and remove invalid responses with very short completion time or excessive repeated answers.
   • If the alpha increase after deletion is small, such as +0.05, keep the item.
   • Run exploratory factor analysis (EFA). If communality or factor loading meets the standard, such as communality > 0.3 and loading > 0.4, keep the item.

You can make a table in the following style:

Watch the original video here: 【SPSS】Reliability analysis — reliability test _ Bilibili